dbms_backup_restore包恢复数据库实践

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转载 by：eygle | 【恩墨学院 OCM培训传DBA成功之道】
链接：https://www.eygle.com/digest/2008/12/dbms_backup_restore.html

环境：AIX 5.2，数据库oracle 9。2，使用controlfile备份，模拟数据文件、控制文件、redo文件全部丢失，使用dbms_backup_restore pl/sql包进行数据库恢复.

1、查看备份参数
# su - oracle
HB130000 oracle$rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 9.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

Copyright (c) 1995, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.

connected to target database: HB130000 (DBID=2380174037)

RMAN> show all;

using target database controlfile instead of recovery catalog
RMAN configuration parameters are:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1; # default
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION ON;
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF;
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '/oradata/rmanbackup/hb130000_ctl_%F.bak';
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1;
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT '/oradata/%d_%s_%t.bak';
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/oracle/oracle/app/oracle/product/9.2.0.1/dbs/snapcf_hb130000.f'; # default

RMAN> list backup;

2、full备份数据库

RMAN> backup database;

Starting backup at 19-APR-06
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=16 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
including current SPFILE in backupset
including current controlfile in backupset
input datafile fno=00005 name=/oradata/hb130000/example01.dbf
input datafile fno=00001 name=/oradata/hb130000/system01.dbf
input datafile fno=00013 name=/oradata/hb130000/CA.dbf
input datafile fno=00002 name=/oradata/hb130000/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile fno=00020 name=/oradata/hb130000/catalog_rman.dbf
input datafile fno=00014 name=/oradata/hb130000/QUEST.dbf
input datafile fno=00009 name=/oradata/hb130000/users01.dbf
input datafile fno=00015 name=/oradata/hb130000/FOGLIGHT.dbf
input datafile fno=00017 name=/oradata/hb130000/GDSS.dbf
input datafile fno=00018 name=/oradata/hb130000/FPJKDB.dbf
input datafile fno=00011 name=/oradata/hb130000/HB1300002005.DBF
input datafile fno=00010 name=/oradata/hb130000/xdb01.dbf
input datafile fno=00021 name=/oradata/hb130000/oem_repository.dbf
input datafile fno=00006 name=/oradata/hb130000/indx01.dbf
input datafile fno=00003 name=/oradata/hb130000/cwmlite01.dbf
input datafile fno=00004 name=/oradata/hb130000/drsys01.dbf
input datafile fno=00007 name=/oradata/hb130000/odm01.dbf
input datafile fno=00012 name=/oradata/hb130000/GFB.DBF
input datafile fno=00008 name=/oradata/hb130000/tools01.dbf
input datafile fno=00016 name=/oradata/hb130000/gwd.dbf
input datafile fno=00019 name=/oradata/hb130000/tgggg.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 19-APR-06
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 19-APR-06
piece handle=/oradata/HB130000_11_588180388.bak comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:56
Finished backup at 19-APR-06

3、备份归档日志

RMAN> backup archivelog all delete input;

Starting backup at 19-APR-06
current log archived
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archive log backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archive log(s) in backup set
input archive log thread=1 sequence=22 recid=32 stamp=588171491
input archive log thread=1 sequence=23 recid=33 stamp=588173034
input archive log thread=1 sequence=24 recid=34 stamp=588173040
input archive log thread=1 sequence=25 recid=35 stamp=588173040
input archive log thread=1 sequence=26 recid=36 stamp=588173045
input archive log thread=1 sequence=27 recid=37 stamp=588180556
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 19-APR-06
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 19-APR-06
piece handle=/oradata/HB130000_12_588180557.bak comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
channel ORA_DISK_1: deleting archive log(s)
archive log filename=/oradata/rmanbackup/archive/hb130000_1_22.dbf recid=32 stamp=588171491
archive log filename=/oradata/rmanbackup/archive/hb130000_1_23.dbf recid=33 stamp=588173034
archive log filename=/oradata/rmanbackup/archive/hb130000_1_24.dbf recid=34 stamp=588173040
archive log filename=/oradata/rmanbackup/archive/hb130000_1_25.dbf recid=35 stamp=588173040
archive log filename=/oradata/rmanbackup/archive/hb130000_1_26.dbf recid=36 stamp=588173045
archive log filename=/oradata/rmanbackup/archive/hb130000_1_27.dbf recid=37 stamp=588180556
Finished backup at 19-APR-06

4、查看controlfile备份

RMAN> list backup of controlfile;

using target database controlfile instead of recovery catalog

List of Backup Sets
===================

BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
10 Full 1M DISK 00:00:50 19-APR-06
BP Key: 10 Status: AVAILABLE Tag: TAG20060419T152628
Piece Name: /oradata/HB130000_11_588180388.bak
Controlfile Included: Ckp SCN: 65670562 Ckp time: 19-APR-06

RMAN> exit

Recovery Manager complete.

5、通过试图查看数据库数据文件、控制文件、日志文件路径信息

SQL> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/oradata/hb130000/system01.dbf
/oradata/hb130000/undotbs01.dbf
/oradata/hb130000/cwmlite01.dbf
/oradata/hb130000/drsys01.dbf
/oradata/hb130000/example01.dbf
/oradata/hb130000/indx01.dbf
/oradata/hb130000/odm01.dbf
/oradata/hb130000/tools01.dbf
/oradata/hb130000/users01.dbf
/oradata/hb130000/xdb01.dbf
/oradata/hb130000/HB1300002005.DBF

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/oradata/hb130000/GFB.DBF
/oradata/hb130000/CA.dbf
/oradata/hb130000/QUEST.dbf
/oradata/hb130000/FOGLIGHT.dbf
/oradata/hb130000/gwd.dbf
/oradata/hb130000/GDSS.dbf
/oradata/hb130000/FPJKDB.dbf
/oradata/hb130000/tgggg.dbf
/oradata/hb130000/catalog_rman.dbf
/oradata/hb130000/oem_repository.dbf

21 rows selected.

SQL> select * from v$logfile;

GROUP# STATUS TYPE
---------- ------- -------
MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 ONLINE
/oracle/oracle/app/oracle/product/9.2.0.1/dbs/hb130000/redo01.log

1 ONLINE
/oradata/hb130000/redo01.rdo

3 ONLINE
/oracle/oracle/app/oracle/product/9.2.0.1/dbs/hb130000/redo03.log

GROUP# STATUS TYPE
---------- ------- -------
MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3 ONLINE
/oradata/hb130000/redo03.rdo

2 ONLINE
/oracle/oracle/app/oracle/product/9.2.0.1/dbs/hb130000/redo02.log

2 ONLINE
/oradata/hb130000/redo02.rdo

6 rows selected.

SQL> select * from v$controlfile;

STATUS
-------
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/oracle/oracle/app/oracle/product/9.2.0.1/dbs/hb130000/control01.ctl

/oracle/oracle/app/oracle/product/9.2.0.1/dbs/hb130000/control02.ctl

/oradata/hb130000/control03.ctl

6、删除所有数据文件、控制文件和redo文件

SQL>
HB130000 oracle$cd hb130000
HB130000 oracle$ls
CA.dbf HB1300002005.DBF example01.dbf redo03.rdo tools01.dbf
FOGLIGHT.dbf catalog_rman.dbf gwd.dbf spfilehb130000.ora undotbs01.dbf
FPJKDB.dbf control01.ctl indx01.dbf system01.dbf users01.dbf
FSIDATA.dbf control02.ctl odm01.dbf temp01.dbf xdb01.dbf
GDSS.dbf control03.ctl oem_repository.dbf temp02.dbf
GFB.DBF cwmlite01.dbf redo01.rdo temp03.dbf
QUEST.dbf drsys01.dbf redo02.rdo tgggg.dbf
HB130000 oracle$rm *
HB130000 oracle$pwd
/oradata/hb130000
HB130000 oracle$cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
HB130000 oracle$cd hb130000
HB130000 oracle$ls
control01.ctl control02.ctl redo01.log redo02.log redo03.log
HB130000 oracle$rm *
HB130000 oracle$

7、shutdown abort数据库，重新启动数据库

SQL> shutdown abort
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 420970696 bytes
Fixed Size 741576 bytes
Variable Size 385875968 bytes
Database Buffers 33554432 bytes
Redo Buffers 798720 bytes
ORA-00205: error in identifying controlfile, check alert log for more info

8、使用dbms_backup_restore包恢复控制文件

SQL> declare
2 devtype varchar2(256);
3 done boolean;
4 begin
5 devtype:=sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceallocate(type=>'',ident=>'t1');
6 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoresetdatafile;
7 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restorecontrolfileto(cfname=>'/oradata/controlfile.ctl');
8 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restorebackuppiece(done=>done,handle=>'/oradata/HB130000_11_588180388.bak',params=>null);
9 sys.dbms_backup_restore.devicedeallocate;
10 end;
11 /

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> host ls /oradata/
controlfile.ctl guowendong.log ora9

SQL>

9、使用dbms_backup_restore包恢复数据文件。

SQL> declare
2 devtype varchar2(256);
3 done boolean;
4 begin
5 devtype:=sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceallocate(type=>'',ident=>'t1');
6 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoresetdatafile;
7 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoredatafileto(dfnumber=>01,toname=>'/oradata/hb130000/system01.dbf');
8 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoredatafileto(dfnumber=>02,toname=>'/oradata/hb130000/undotbs01.dbf');
9 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoredatafileto(dfnumber=>03,toname=>'/oradata/hb130000/cwmlite01.dbf');
10 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoredatafileto(dfnumber=>04,toname=>'/oradata/hb130000/drsys01.dbf');
11 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoredatafileto(dfnumber=>05,toname=>'/oradata/hb130000/example01.dbf');
12 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoredatafileto(dfnumber=>06,toname=>'/oradata/hb130000/indx01.dbf');
13 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoredatafileto(dfnumber=>07,toname=>'/oradata/hb130000/odm01.dbf');
14 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoredatafileto(dfnumber=>08,toname=>'/oradata/hb130000/tools01.dbf');
15 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoredatafileto(dfnumber=>09,toname=>'/oradata/hb130000/users01.dbf');
16 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoredatafileto(dfnumber=>10,toname=>'/oradata/hb130000/xdb01.dbf');
17 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoredatafileto(dfnumber=>11,toname=>'/oradata/hb130000/HB1300002005.DBF');
18 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoredatafileto(dfnumber=>12,toname=>'/oradata/hb130000/GFB.DBF');
19 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoredatafileto(dfnumber=>13,toname=>'/oradata/hb130000/CA.dbf');
20 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoredatafileto(dfnumber=>14,toname=>'/oradata/hb130000/QUEST.dbf');
21 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoredatafileto(dfnumber=>15,toname=>'/oradata/hb130000/FOGLIGHT.dbf');
22 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoredatafileto(dfnumber=>16,toname=>'/oradata/hb130000/gwd.dbf');
23 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoredatafileto(dfnumber=>17,toname=>'/oradata/hb130000/GDSS.dbf');
24 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoredatafileto(dfnumber=>18,toname=>'/oradata/hb130000/FPJKDB.dbf');
25 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoredatafileto(dfnumber=>19,toname=>'/oradata/hb130000/tgggg.dbf');
26 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoredatafileto(dfnumber=>20,toname=>'/oradata/hb130000/catalog_rman.dbf');
27 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoredatafileto(dfnumber=>21,toname=>'/oradata/hb130000/oem_repository.dbf');
28 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restorebackuppiece(done=>done,handle=>'/oradata/HB130000_11_588180388.bak',params=>null);
29 sys.dbms_backup_restore.devicedeallocate;
30 end;
31 /

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

10、把控制文件cp到原路径

HB130000 oracle$cd /oradata/
HB130000 oracle$ls
controlfile.ctl guowendong.log ora9
HB130000oracle$cp controlfile.ctl /oracle/oracle/app/oracle/product/9.2.0.1/dbs/hb130000/control01.ctl
HB130000oracle$cp controlfile.ctl /oracle/oracle/app/oracle/product/9.2.0.1/dbs/hb130000/control02.ctl
HB130000 oracle$cp controlfile.ctl /oradata/hb130000/control03.ctl

11、mount 数据库

SQL> startup nomount;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 420970696 bytes
Fixed Size 741576 bytes
Variable Size 385875968 bytes
Database Buffers 33554432 bytes
Redo Buffers 798720 bytes
SQL> alter database mount;

Database altered.

12、使用dbms_backup_restore包恢复归档日志

SQL> declare
2 devtype varchar2(256);
3 done boolean;
4 begin
5 devtype:=sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceallocate(type=>'',ident=>'t1');
6 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoresetarchivedlog(destination=>'/oradata/rmanbackup/archive');
7 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restorearchivedlog(thread=>1,sequence=>22);
8 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restorearchivedlog(thread=>1,sequence=>23);
9 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restorearchivedlog(thread=>1,sequence=>24);
10 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restorearchivedlog(thread=>1,sequence=>25);
11 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restorearchivedlog(thread=>1,sequence=>26);
12 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restorearchivedlog(thread=>1,sequence=>27);
13 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restorebackuppiece(done=>done,handle=>'/oradata/HB130000_12_588180557.bak',params=>null);
14 sys.dbms_backup_restore.devicedeallocate;
15 end;
16 /

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL>

13、使用controlfile恢复数据库，resetlogs方式打开数据库

SQL> recover database until cancel using backup controlfile;
ORA-00279: change 65670562 generated at 04/19/2006 13:24:05 needed for thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion : /oradata/rmanbackup/archive/hb130000_1_27.dbf
ORA-00280: change 65670562 for thread 1 is in sequence #27

Specify log: {=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
auto
ORA-00279: change 65671036 generated at 04/19/2006 15:29:16 needed for thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion : /oradata/rmanbackup/archive/hb130000_1_28.dbf
ORA-00280: change 65671036 for thread 1 is in sequence #28
ORA-00278: log file '/oradata/rmanbackup/archive/hb130000_1_27.dbf' no longer
needed for this recovery

ORA-00308: cannot open archived log
'/oradata/rmanbackup/archive/hb130000_1_28.dbf'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
IBM AIX RISC System/6000 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3

SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

Database altered.