原文引自: http://www.osxcn.com/ubuntu/ext3-and-reiserfs.html
这篇文章是 Ubuntu 分区和文件系统的选择 的延续阅读,适合初级用户了解。
Linux 上的文件系统很多,例如 ext3, ReiserFS, XFS, JFS 这些,但桌面用户使用比较多的还是 ext3 和 ReiserFS。据我所知,ext3 独特的优点就是易于转换,很容易在 ext2 和 ext3 之间相互转换,而具有良好的兼容性,其它优点 ReiserFS 都有,而且还比它做得更好。如高效的磁盘空间利用和独特的搜寻方式都是 ext3 所不具备的,速度上它也不能和 ReiserFS、XFS 相媲美,在实际使用过程中,ReiserFS 也更加安全高效,据说反删除功能也不错。
要说 ext3 和 ReiserFS,可以先了解一下日志文件系统,它就是在非日志文件系统中加入了文件系统更改的日志记录,可以跟踪记录文件系统的变化,并将变化内容写入 日志,写操作首先是对日志记录文件进行操作,若整个写操作由于某种原因 (如系统掉电) 而中断,系统重启时,会根据日志记录来恢复中断前的写操作,而且这个过程费时极短。ext3 和 ReiserFS 都是拥有这种日志功能的日志式文件系统。
ext3 和 ReiserFS 分别是 Redhat / SuSE Linux 默认文件系统,而 ReiserFS 的优势在于,它是基于 B*Tree 快速平衡树这种高效算法的文件系统,例如在处理小于 1k 的文件比 ext3 快 10 倍。再一个就是 ReiserFS 空间浪费较少,它不会对一些小文件分配 inode,而是打包存放在同一个磁盘块 (簇) 中,ext2/ext3 是把它们单独存放在不同的簇上,如簇大小为 4k,那么 2 个 100 字节的文件会占用 2 个簇,ReiserFS 则只占用一个。当然 ReiserFS 也有缺点,就是每升级一个版本,都要将磁盘重新格式化一次。
由于日志文件系统在写入数据的同时还要记录日志,这样就需要更多的磁盘 I/O 操作,必然会带来性能上的损失 (但 ext3 优化了硬盘磁头的运动,总处理能力不比 ext2 慢)。还有就是日志文件系统在频繁记录日志的同时,产生的磁盘碎片也比 ext2 这种非日志文件系统多 (虽然相比 fat32 这些碎片根本算不了什么)。所以一些资料上推荐用户使用混合文件系统,例如一些只读目录 /usr 使用 ext2,把 /var 这些需要频繁写入数据的目录使用 ext3,但我认为对桌面用户来说,ReiserFS 则是更好的选择,它的速度比 ext3 快,碎片比 ext3 少。
参考:
ext2, ext3, xfs, reiserfs 文件系统性能测试
实战 ReiserFS 文件系统
Linux 日志文件系统及性能分析
在 Linux 中使用 ReiserFS 文件系统


按惯例是ReiserFS处理很多小文件比较合理些
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