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man page of hp-ux mksf
modb.pro

NAME

mksf -- make a special (device) file

SYNOPSIS

/sbin/mksf [-C class | -d driver] [-D directory] [-H hw-path] [-I instance] [-q|-v] [driver-options] [special-file]

/sbin/mksf [-C class | -d driver] [-D directory] [-H hw-path] -m minor [-q|-v] [-r] special-file

DESCRIPTION

The mksf command makes a special file in the devices directory, normally /dev, for an existing device, a device that has already been assigned an instance number by the system. The device is specified by supplying some combination of the -C, -d, -H, and -I options. If the options specified match a unique device in the system, mksf creates a special file for that device; otherwise, mksf prints an error message and exits. If required, mksf creates any subdirectories relative to the device installation directory that are defined for the resulting special file.

For most drivers, mksf has a set of built-in driver options, driver-options, and special-file naming conventions. By supplying some subset of the driver options, as in the first form above, the user can create a special file with a particular set of characteristics. If a special-file name is specified, mksf creates the special file with that special file name; otherwise, the default naming convention for the driver is used.

In the second form, the minor number and special-file name are explicitly specified. This form is used to make a special file for a driver without using the built-in driver options in mksf. The -r option specifies that mksf should make a character (raw) device file instead of the default block device file for drivers that support both.

Options

mksf recognizes the following options:

-C class  

Match a device that belongs to a given device class, class. Device classes can be listed with the lsdev command (see lsdev(1M)). They are defined in the files in the directory /usr/conf/master.d. This option is not valid for pseudo devices. This option cannot be used with -d.

-d driver  

Match a device that is controlled by the specified device driver, driver. Device drivers can be listed with the lsdev command (see lsdev(1M)). They are defined in the files in the directory /usr/conf/master.d. This option cannot be used with -C.

-D directory  

Override the default device installation directory /dev and install the special files in directory instead. directory must exist; otherwise, mksf displays an error message and exits. See WARNINGS.

-H hw-path  

Match a device at a given hardware path, hw-path. Hardware paths can be listed with the ioscan command (see ioscan(1M)). A hardware path specifies the addresses of the hardware components leading to a device. It consists of a string of numbers separated by periods (.), such as 52 (a card), 52.3 (a target address), and 52.3.0 (a device). If a hardware component is a bus converter, the following period, if any, is replaced by a slash (/) as in 2, 2/3, and 2/3.0. This option is not valid for pseudo devices.

-I instance  

Match a device with the specified instance number. Instances can be listed with the -f option of the ioscan command (see ioscan(1M)). This option is not valid for pseudo devices.

-m minor  

Create the special file with the specified minor number minor. The format of minor is the same as that given in mknod(1M) and mknod(5).

-q  

Quiet option. Normally, mksf displays a message as each driver is processed. This option suppresses the driver message, but not error messages. See the -v option.

-r  

Create a character (raw) special file instead of a block special file.

-v  

Verbose option. In addition to the normal processing message, display the name of each special file as it is created. See the -q option.

Naming Conventions

Many special files are named using the ccardttargetddevice naming convention. These variables have the following meaning wherever they are used.

card  

The unique interface card identification number from ioscan (see ioscan(1M)). It is represented as a decimal number with a typical range of 0 to 255.

target  

The device target number, for example the address on a HP-FL or SCSI bus. It is represented as a decimal number with a typical range of 0 to 15.

device  

A address unit within a device, for example, the unit in a HP-FL device or the LUN in a SCSI device. It is represented as a decimal number with a typical range of 0 to 15.

Special Files

The driver-specific options (driver-options) and default special file names (special-file) are listed below.

asio0

-a access-mode  

Port access mode (0-2). The default access mode is 0 (Direct connect). The access-mode meanings are:

access-mode Port Operation
0 Direct connect
1 Dial out modem
2 Dial in modem

-c  

CCITT.

-f  

Hardware flow control (RTS/CTS).

-i  

Modem dialer. Cannot be used with -l.

-l  

Line printer. Cannot be used with -i.

-p port  

Multiplexer port number (0 for built-in serial port; 0-1 for SAS console ports). The default port number is 0.

-r fifo-trigger  

fifo-trigger should have a value between 0 and 3. The following table shows the corresponding FIFO trigger level for a given fifo-trigger value.

fifo-trigger Receive FIFO Trigger Level
0 1
1 4
2 8
3 14

-t  

Transparent mode (normally used by diagnostics).

-x xmit-limit  

xmit-limit should have a value between 0 and 3. The following table shows the corresponding transmit limit for a given xmit-limit value.

xmit-limit Transmit Limit
0 1
1 4
2 8
3 12

special-file  

The default special file name depends on the access-mode and whether the -i and -l options are used.

access-mode -i -l Special File Name
-- no yes ccardp0_lp
2 no no ttydcardp0
1 no no culcardp0
0 yes no cuacardp0
0 no no ttycardp0

audio

-f format  

Audio format (0-3). The format meanings are:

    File Name Modifier
format Audio Format format-mod
0 No change in audio format  
1 8-bit Mu-law U
2 8-bit A-law A
3 16-bit linear L

-o output-dest  

Output destination (0-4). The output-dest should have a value between 0 and 4. The following table shows the corresponding output destinations for a given output-dest value.

    File Name Modifier
output-dest Output Destinations output-mod
0 All outputs B
1 Headphone E
2 Internal Speaker I
3 No output N
4 Line output L

-r  

Raw, control access. This option cannot be used with either the -f or -o options.

special-file  

The default special file name depends on the options specified.

Options Special File Name
-r audioCtl_card
-f 0 audio_card
all others audiooutput-modformat-mod_card

The optional output-mod and format-mod values are given in the tables above. Note the underscore (_) before card in each special file name. Also note that for card 0, each file will be linked to a simpler name without the trailing _card.

autox0 schgr

  • Note that -i cannot be used with either -r or -p.

-i  

Ioctl; create picker control special file.

-p optical-disk[:last-optical-disk]
   

The optical disk number (starts with 1). If the optional :last-optical-disk is given then special files for the range of disks specified will be created.

-r  

Raw; create character, not block, special file.

special-file  

A special file cannot be given if a range of optical disks is given with the -p option. If one is given for the single disk case, the name will have an a appended to the end for the A-side device and a b appended to the end for the B-side device. The default special file name depends on whether the -r option is used.

-r Special File Name
yes rac/ccardttargetddevice_optical-diska
  rac/ccardttargetddevice_optical-diskb
no ac/ccardttargetddevice_optical-diska
  ac/ccardttargetddevice_optical-diskb

Note the underscore (_) between device and optical-disk.

CentIf

-h handshake-mode
   

Handshake mode. Valid values range from 1 to 6:

handshake-mode Handshake operation
1 Automatic NACK/BUSY handshaking
2 Automatic BUSY only handshaking
3 Bidirectional read/write
4 Stream mode (NSTROBE only, no handshaking)
5 Automatic NACK/BUSY with pulsed NSTROBE
6 Automatic BUSY with pulsed NSTROBE

special-file  

The default special file name is ccardt0d0_lp for handshake-mode 2 and ccardt0d0hhandshake-mode_lp for all others.

consp1

-r fifo-trigger  

fifo-trigger should have a value between 0 and 3. The following table shows the corresponding FIFO trigger level for a given fifo-trigger value.

fifo-trigger Receive FIFO Trigger Level
0 1
1 4
2 8
3 14

-t  

Transparent mode (normally used by diagnostics).

-x xmit-limit  

xmit-limit should have a value between 0 and 3. The following table shows the corresponding transmit limit for a given xmit-limit value.

xmit-limit Transmit Limit
0 1
1 4
2 8
3 12

special-file  

The default special file name is as follows:

Special File Name
ttycardp0

disc1

-c  

This option must be present if the unit is a cartridge tape.

-r  

Raw; create character, not block, special file.

-s section  

The section number.

-t  

Transparent mode (normally used by diagnostics).

-u unit  

The CS/80 unit number (for example, unit 0 for disk, unit 1 for tape).

special-file  

The default special file name depends on whether the -c, -r, and -s options are used:

-c -r -s Special File Name
yes yes invalid rct/ccardttargetddevice
no yes no rdsk/ccardttargetddevice
no yes yes rdsk/ccardttargetddevicessection
yes no invalid ct/ccardttargetddevice
no no no dsk/ccardttargetddevice
no no yes dsk/ccardttargetddevicessection

disc2

-r  

Raw; create character, not block, special file.

-s section  

The section number.

-t  

Transparent mode (normally used by diagnostics).

-u unit  

The cs80 unit number (typically 0).

special-file  

The default special file name depends on whether the -r and -s options are used:

-r -s Special File Name
yes no rdsk/ccardttargetddevice
yes yes rdsk/ccardttargetddevicessection
no no dsk/ccardttargetddevice
no yes dsk/ccardttargetddevicessection

disc3

-f  

Floppy.

-r  

Raw; create character, not block, special file.

-s section  

The section number.

special-file  

The default special file name depends on whether the -r and -s options are used:

-r -s Special File Name
yes no rdsk/ccardttargetddevice and
    rfloppy/ccardttargetddevice
yes yes rdsk/ccardttargetddevicessection
no no dsk/ccardttargetddevice and
    floppy/ccardttargetddevice
no yes dsk/ccardttargetddevicessection

disc4 sdisc

-r  

Raw; create character, not block, special file.

-s section  

The section number.

special-file  

The default special file name depends on whether the -r and -s options are used:

-r -s Special File Name
yes no rdsk/ccardttargetddevice
yes yes rdsk/ccardttargetddevicessection
no no dsk/ccardttargetddevice
no yes dsk/ccardttargetddevicessection

instr0

-a address  

The HP-IB instrument address (0-30). Cannot be used with the -t option.

-t  

Transparent mode (normally used by diagnostics). Cannot be used with the -a option.

special-file  

The default special file name depends on the arguments -a and -t:

-a -t Special File Name
no no hpib/ccard
no yes diag/hpib/ccard
yes no hpib/ccardttargetdaddress

hil

  • Note that only one of -a, -k, or -r is allowed.

-a address  

The link address (1-7).

-k  

Cooked keyboard.

-n  

The hil controller device.

special-file  

The default special file name depends on the -a, -k, and -r options:

Option Special File Name
-a hil_card.address
-k hilkbd_card
-r rhil_card

Note the underscore (_) before card. Also note that for card 0, each file will be linked to a simpler name without _card, either hiladdress, hilkbd, or rhil.

lan0 lan1 lan2 lan3

  • Note that only one of -e or -i is allowed.

-e  

Ethernet protocol.

-i  

IEEE 802.3 protocol.

-t  

Transparent mode (normally used by diagnostics).

special-file  

The default special file name depends on the -e, -i, and -t options:

Option -t Special File Name
-e no ethercard
-e yes diag/ethercard
-i no lancard
-i yes diag/lancard

lantty0

-e  

Exclusive access.

special-file  

The default special file name depends on whether the -e option is used:

-e Special File Name
no lanttycard
yes diag/lanttycard

lpr0 lpr1 lpr2 lpr3

-c  

Capital letters. Convert all output to uppercase.

-e  

Eject page after paper-out recovery.

-n  

No form-feed.

-o  

Old paper-out behavior (abort job).

-r  

Raw.

-t  

Transparent mode (normally used by diagnostics).

-w  

No wait. Don't retry errors on open.

special-file  

The default special file name depends on whether the -r option is used:

-r Special File Name
no ccardttargetddevice_lp
yes ccardttargetddevice_rlp

mux0 mux2 mux4 eisa_mux0 pci_mux0

-a access-mode  

Port access mode (0-2). The default access mode is 0 (Direct connect). The access-mode meanings are:

access-mode Port Operation
0 Direct connect
1 Dial out modem
2 Dial in modem

-c  

CCITT.

-f  

Hardware flow control (RTS/CTS).

-i  

Modem dialer. Cannot be used with -l.

-l  

Line printer. Cannot be used with -i.

-p port  

Multiplexer port number (0-15 for mux0 and mux2; 0-1 for mux4; a1 - a16, b1 - b16, c1 - c16 & etc for the eisa_mux0 or pci_mux0). Some MUX cards controlled by a particular driver have fewer than the maximum supported ports.

-t  

Transparent mode (normally used by diagnostics).

special-file  

The default special file name depends on the access-mode and whether the -i and -l options are used. The term "card" below refers to the Instance number of the mux card.

access-mode -i -l Special File Name
-- no yes ccardpport_lp
2 no no ttydcardpport
1 no no culcardpport
0 yes no cuacardpport
0 no no ttycardpport

pflop sflop

-r  

Raw; create character, not block, special file.

special-file  

The default special file name depends on whether the -r option is used:

-r Special File Name
no floppy/ccardttargetddevice
yes rfloppy/ccardttargetddevice

ps2

  • Note that only one of -a, or -p is allowed.

-a auto_device  

Autosearch device. An auto_device value of 0 means first mouse; a value of 1 means first keyboard.

-p port  

PS2 port number.

special-file  

The default special file name depends on the -a, and -p options:

Option Special File Name
-a 0 ps2mouse
-a 1 ps2kbd
-p ps2_port

Note the underscore (_) before port.

SAS console ports See asio0.

scc1

-a access-mode  

Port access mode (0-2). The default access mode is 0. The access-mode meanings are:

access-mode Port Operation
0 Direct connect
1 Dial out modem
2 Dial in modem

-b  

Port B.

-c  

CCITT.

-i  

Modem dialer. Cannot be used with -l.

-l  

Line printer. Cannot be used with -i.

special-file  

The default special file name depends on the access-mode and whether the -i and -l options are used.

access-mode -i -l Special File Name
-- no yes ccardpport_lp
2 no no ttydcardpport
1 no no culcardpport
0 yes no cuacardpport
0 no no ttycardpport

schgr See autox0.

sdisk See disc4.

sflop See pflop.

stape

-a  

AT&T-style rewind/close.

-b bpi  

Bits per inch or tape density. The recognized values for bpi are: BEST, D1600, D3480, D3480C, D3590, D3590C, D6250, D6250C, D800, D8MM_8200, D8MM_8200C, D8MM_8500, D8MM_8500C, DDS1, DDS1C, DDS2, DDS2C, NOMOD, QIC_1000, QIC_11, QIC_120, QIC_1350, QIC_150, QIC_2100, QIC_24, QIC_2GB, QIC_525, QIC_5GB, DLT_42500_24, DLT_42500_56, DLT_62500_64, DLT_81633_64, DLT_62500_64C, DLT_81633_64C, or a decimal number density code.

-c [code]  

Compression with optional compression code. The optional decimal code is used to select a particular compression algorithm on drives that support more than one compression algorithm. This option must be specified at the end of an option string. See mt(7) for more details.

-e  

Exhaustive mode. This option allows the driver to experiment with multiple configuration values in an attempt to access the media. The default behavior is to use only the configuration specified.

-n  

No rewind on close.

-p  

Partition one.

-s [block-size]  

Fixed block size mode. If a numeric block-size is given, it is used for a fixed block size. If the -s option is used alone, a device-specific default fixed block size is used. This option must be specified at the end of an option string.

-u  

UC Berkeley-style rewind/close.

-w  

Wait (disable immediate reporting).

-x index  

Use the index value to access the tape device driver property table entry. Recognized values for index are decimal values in the range 0 to 30.

special-file  

Put all tape special files in the /dev/rmt directory. This is required for proper maintenance of the Tape Property Table (see mt(7)). Device files located outside the /dev/rmt directory may not provide consistent behavior across system reboots. The default special file names are dependent on the tape drive being accessed and the options specified. All default special files begin with rmt/ccardttargetddevice. See mt(7) for a complete description of the default special file naming scheme for tapes.

tape1 tape2

-a  

AT&T-style rewind/close.

-b bpi  

Bits per inch or tape density. The recognized values for bpi are: BEST, D1600, D3480, D3480C, D6250, D6250C, D800, D8MM_8200, D8MM_8200C, D8MM_8500, D8MM_8500C, DDS1, DDS1C, DDS2, DDS2C, NOMOD, QIC_1000, QIC_11, QIC_120, QIC_1350, QIC_150, QIC_2100, QIC_24, QIC_2GB, QIC_525, QIC_5GB, DLT_42500_24, DLT_42500_56, DLT_62500_64, DLT_81633_64, DLT_62500_64C, DLT_81633_64C, or a decimal number density code.

-c [code]  

Compression with optional compression code. The optional decimal code is used to select a particular compression algorithm on drives that support more than one compression algorithm. This option must be specified at the end of an option string. See mt(7) for more details.

-n  

No rewind on close.

-o  

Console messages disabled.

-t  

Transparent mode, normally used by diagnostics.

-u  

UC Berkeley-style rewind/close.

-w  

Wait (disable immediate reporting).

-x index  

Use the index value to access the tape device driver property table entry. The recognized values for index are decimal values in the range 0 to 30.

-z  

RTE compatible close.

special-file  

Put all tape special files in the /dev/rmt directory. This is required for proper maintenance of the Tape Property Table (see mt(7)). Device files located outside the /dev/rmt directory may not provide consistent behavior across system reboots. The default special file names are dependent on the tape drive being accessed and the options specified. All default special files begin with rmt/ccardttargetddevice. See mt(7) for a complete description of the default special file naming scheme for tapes.

RETURN VALUE

mksf exits with one of the following values:

0  

Successful completion.

1  

Failure. An error occurred.

DIAGNOSTICS

Most of the diagnostic messages from mksf are self-explanatory. Listed below are some messages deserving further clarification. Errors cause mksf to abort immediately.

Errors

Ambiguous device specification
   

Matched more than one device in the system. Use some combination of the -d, -C, -H, and -I options to specify a unique device.

No such device in the system
   

No device in the system matched the options specified. Use ioscan to list the devices in the system (see ioscan(1M)).

Device driver name is not in the kernel
   

Device class name is not in the kernel
   

The indicated device driver or device class is not present in the kernel. Add the appropriate device driver and/or device class to the config input file and generate a new kernel (see config(1M)).

Device has no instance number
   

The specified device has not been assigned an instance number. Use ioscan to assign an instance to the device.

Directory directory doesn't exist
   

The directory argument of the -D option doesn't exist. Use mkdir to create the directory (see mkdir(1)).

EXAMPLES

Make a special file named /dev/printer for the line printer device associated with instance number 2.

mksf -C printer -I 2 /dev/printer 

Make a special file, using the default naming convention, for the tape device at hardware path 8.4.1. The driver-specific options specify 1600 bits per inch and no rewind on close.

mksf -C tape -H 8.4.1 -b D1600 -n 

WARNINGS

Many commands and subsystems assume their device files are in /dev; therefore, the use of the -D option is discouraged.

AUTHOR

mksf was developed by HP.

FILES

/dev/config  

I/O system special file

/etc/mtconfig  

Tape driver property table database


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