eygle Eygle.
SQL.PLSQL 2005-04-22

Using Create directory & UTL_FILE in Oracle

eygle 2005-04-22 11:57
modb.pro
Create directory让我们可以在Oracle数据库中灵活的对文件进行读写操作，极大的提高了Oracle的易用性和可扩展性。
其语法为:
CREATE [OR REPLACE] DIRECTORY directory AS 'pathname';

本案例具体创建如下:


create or replace directory exp_dir as '/tmp';

目录创建以后，就可以把读写权限授予特定用户，具体语法如下:
GRANT READ[,WRITE] ON DIRECTORY directory TO username;

例如:


grant read, write on directory exp_dir to eygle;

此时用户eygle就拥有了对该目录的读写权限。

让我们看一个简单的测试:


SQL> create or replace directory UTL_FILE_DIR as '/opt/oracle/utl_file';


Directory created.

SQL> declare
  2    fhandle utl_file.file_type;
  3  begin
  4    fhandle := utl_file.fopen('UTL_FILE_DIR', 'example.txt', 'w');
  5    utl_file.put_line(fhandle , 'eygle test write one');
  6    utl_file.put_line(fhandle , 'eygle test write two');
  7    utl_file.fclose(fhandle);
  8  end;
  9  /

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL> !
[oracle@jumper 9.2.0]$ more /opt/oracle/utl_file/example.txt 
eygle test write one
eygle test write two
[oracle@jumper 9.2.0]$

类似的我们可以通过utl_file来读取文件:


SQL> declare
  2    fhandle   utl_file.file_type;
  3    fp_buffer varchar2(4000);
  4  begin
  5    fhandle := utl_file.fopen ('UTL_FILE_DIR','example.txt', 'R');
  6  
  7    utl_file.get_line (fhandle , fp_buffer );
  8    dbms_output.put_line(fp_buffer );
  9    utl_file.get_line (fhandle , fp_buffer );
 10    dbms_output.put_line(fp_buffer );
 11    utl_file.fclose(fhandle);
 12  end;
 13  /
eygle test write one
eygle test write two

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

可以查询dba_directories查看所有directory.


SQL> select * from dba_directories;

OWNER                          DIRECTORY_NAME                 DIRECTORY_PATH
------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------
SYS                            UTL_FILE_DIR                   /opt/oracle/utl_file
SYS                            BDUMP_DIR                      /opt/oracle/admin/conner/bdump
SYS                            EXP_DIR                        /opt/oracle/utl_file

可以使用drop directory删除这些路径.


SQL> drop directory exp_dir;

Directory dropped

SQL> select * from dba_directories;

OWNER                          DIRECTORY_NAME                 DIRECTORY_PATH
------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------
SYS                            UTL_FILE_DIR                   /opt/oracle/utl_file
SYS                            BDUMP_DIR                      /opt/oracle/admin/conner/bdump


历史上的今天
By eygle 2005-04-22 11:57 评论 (5)
eygle
eygle

前Oracle ACE Director，云和恩墨创始人。技术为骨，历史为脉，人文为魂。

返回首页 →

5 Comments

dba_mx | December 28, 2005 8:40 AM

建议把您作为语法的
create or replace directory exp_dir as '/tmp';
grant read, write on directory exp_dir to eygle;

这两句用标准语法格式给出吧，或许我比较愚钝，但的确有些感觉不清晰。建议换成：

CREATE [OR REPLACE] DIRECTORY directory AS 'pathname';
GRANT READ[,WRITE] ON DIRECTORY directory TO username;

此外，您在给出的测试中，并没有对 UTL_FILE_DIR 进行授权，当然您当时测试肯定没有问题，但作为HowTo，最好完整示例您给出的语法。

浅见，请包涵！

eygle | October 18, 2006 9:40 AM

谢谢指出，修改了一下原文：）

hanjs | January 27, 2007 4:07 PM

是不是只有用sys用户创建目录，在把权限授予其他用户？

Antonio May | February 8, 2007 5:48 AM

I had a lot of time finding a soluction

So good you note

Thanks you

Best regards

Antonio

ep | December 17, 2009 11:36 AM

directory名称 只能是大写 UTL_FILE_DIR