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使用外部表分析eygle.com的网站访问日志

经过使用Oracle的外部表对Oracle的警告日志文件、跟踪文件进行获取和分析之后，我发现外部表实在是非常易用，甚至到了随心所欲的境地（当然外部表尚不能修改外部文件）。

使用外部表可以很容易的实现网站的访问日志分析。
虽然使用Awstats等工具也可以实现，可是使用Oracle来分析我们更应该得心应手。
而且这一切还是有那么一点点Cool的。

好了，闲言少叙，让我们来看一下我分析的过程。
首先创建路径指向日志存放目录:

[oracle@jumper elog]$ pwd
/opt/oracle/elog
[oracle@jumper elog]$ ls
eygle_access_log.20061016
[oracle@jumper elog]$ sqlplus "/ as sysdba"

SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production on Wed Oct 18 08:59:35 2006

Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.

Connected to:
Oracle9i Enterprise Edition Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production
With the Partitioning option
JServer Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production

SQL> create or replace directory elog
2 as '/opt/oracle/elog';

Directory created.

然后我将这个路径的访问权限授予eygle用户来进行具体操作:

SQL> grant read,write on directory elog to eygle;

Grant succeeded.

选择合适的分隔符创建外部表:

SQL> connect eygle/eygle
Connected.

SQL> create table eygle_access_log_20061016
2 ( ip_address_date varchar2(100),
3 acc_file varchar2(400),
4 acc_cdsz varchar2(20),
5 acc_url varchar2(400),
6 left_blank varchar2(10),
7 acc_agent varchar2(400))
8 organization external (
9 type oracle_loader
10 default directory ELOG
11 access parameters (
12 records delimited by newline
13 nobadfile
14 nodiscardfile
15 nologfile
16 fields terminated by '"'
17 missing field values are null
18 )
19 location('eygle_access_log.20061016')
20 ) reject limit unlimited
21 /

Table created.

此时我们就可以对eygle.com的2006年10月16日的访问日志进行分析了。

我们可以先看一下各个字段的分界结果，示例如下:

SQL> select ip_address_date from eygle_access_log_20061016
2 where rownum <11;

IP_ADDRESS_DATE
-------------------------------------------------------------
38.102.128.140 - - [16/Oct/2006:00:00:17 +0800]
66.249.65.113 - - [16/Oct/2006:00:00:19 +0800]
202.160.178.221 - - [16/Oct/2006:00:00:35 +0800]
59.36.78.100 - - [16/Oct/2006:00:00:37 +0800]
59.36.78.100 - - [16/Oct/2006:00:00:38 +0800]
72.30.61.8 - - [16/Oct/2006:00:00:38 +0800]
221.217.84.230 - - [16/Oct/2006:00:00:42 +0800]
221.217.84.230 - - [16/Oct/2006:00:00:42 +0800]
74.6.65.236 - - [16/Oct/2006:00:01:07 +0800]
74.6.73.36 - - [16/Oct/2006:00:01:09 +0800]

10 rows selected.

通过SQL析取出访问的ip地址:

SQL> select substr(ip_address_date,1,instr(ip_address_date,' ')) ip_address
2 from eygle_access_log_20061016 where rownum <11;

IP_ADDRESS
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
38.102.128.140
66.249.65.113
202.160.178.221
59.36.78.100
59.36.78.100
72.30.61.8
221.217.84.230
221.217.84.230
74.6.65.236
74.6.73.36

10 rows selected.

接下来我们就可以很容易的获得当日访问我站点的独立IP数量了:

SQL> set timing on
SQL> select count(distinct(substr(ip_address_date,1,instr(ip_address_date,' ')))) uip
2 from eygle_access_log_20061016;

UIP
----------
7534

Elapsed: 00:00:06.86

我们可以对比一下数据库表的性能。
首先将日志加载到数据库表中:

SQL> create table ealog as
2 select * from eygle_access_log_20061016;

Table created.

SQL> desc ealog;
Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------------------------------- -------- --------------------------------------------
IP_ADDRESS_DATE VARCHAR2(100)
ACC_FILE VARCHAR2(400)
ACC_CDSZ VARCHAR2(20)
ACC_URL VARCHAR2(400)
LEFT_BLANK VARCHAR2(10)
ACC_AGENT VARCHAR2(400)

SQL> select count(*) from ealog;

COUNT(*)
----------
165443

然后我们强制刷新Buffer Cache，消除Cache的影响，再次执行查询：

SQL> alter session set events = 'immediate trace name flush_cache';

Session altered.

Elapsed: 00:00:00.03
SQL> select count(distinct(substr(ip_address_date,1,instr(ip_address_date,' ')))) uip
2 from ealog;

UIP
----------
7528

Elapsed: 00:00:02.15

此时用了大约2秒的时间，也就是说，外部表的性能较数据库表大约慢了3倍左右。

继续，我们可以查询当日网站中，哪些网页是被最频繁访问的:

SQL> select replace((replace(acc_file,'GET ','http://www.eygle.com')),'HTTP/1.1') accfile,ct from (
2 select ACC_FILE,count(*) ct from eygle_access_log_20061016
3 where acc_file like '%htm%'
4 group by acc_file order by ct desc)
5 where rownum <21;

ACCFILE CT
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
http://www.eygle.com/index-tech.htm 110
http://www.eygle.com/archives/2006/10/wish_home.html 103
http://www.eygle.com/index-ha.htm 79
http://www.eygle.com/me/fairy_tale_leaf.htm 77
http://www.eygle.com/archives/2006/11/use_oracle_external_table.html 73
http://www.eygle.com/index-sql.htm 69
http://www.eygle.com/archives/2006/10/tom_oracle_9i10g.html 68
http://www.eygle.com/archives/2008/08/my_book_services.html 63
http://www.eygle.com/archives/2006/11/welcome_friend.html 62
http://www.eygle.com/archives/2006/10/veritas_vcs_simulator.html 61
http://www.eygle.com/index-case.htm 60
http://www.eygle.com/archives/2004/08/aoaouiiciona.html 59
http://www.eygle.com/archives/2006/08/oracle_fundbook_recommand.html 52
http://www.eygle.com/archives/2006/08/5460_8174.html 49
http://www.eygle.com/archives/2004/12/gmailaeaeoa.html 48
http://www.eygle.com/archives/2005/06/howlsmovingcast.html 48
http://www.eygle.com/gbook/index.html 48
http://www.eygle.com/index-hist.htm 44
http://www.eygle.com/index-special.htm 41
http://www.eygle.com/index-f&l.htm 37
20 rows selected.

Elapsed: 00:00:06.31
SQL>

通过外部表及SQL查询，只要日志文件中存在的信息，都可以很容易的被获取和分析.

-The End-

By eygle on 2006-10-18 11:56 | Comments (3) | SQL.PLSQL | Web | 938 |

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